Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement
The Scientific Bulletin of “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and academic integrity for all parties involved in the act of publishing. The ethics standards follow internationally recognized ethical guidelines, based on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors [https://publicationethics.org/guidance].
Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is expected of all parties such as Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher.
Author Responsibilities
Authors of original research must present accurate, transparent and sufficiently detailed reports of their work and data to allow replication, while ensuring objectivity in interpretation, as any falsification or knowingly inaccurate information is considered unethical and unacceptable.
The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.
An author should ensure that the submitted manuscripts are original and have not been published or submitted elsewhere. Parallel submission of the same manuscript to more than one journal constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
Proper acknowledgment of all sources and references used must always be given. Authors should also cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
Authorship must be restricted to individuals who have made significant contributions to the study’s conception, design, execution, or interpretation, while all qualified contributors should be listed as co-authors, others acknowledged appropriately, and the corresponding author must ensure correct attribution and obtain approval from all co-authors for the final manuscript and its submission.
Authors must clearly identify and comply with ethical standards for research involving humans or animals, where applicable.
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or their interpretation in the manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal’s editor or publisher and cooperate with them to either retract the paper or to publish an appropriate erratum.
Authors must ensure that all data presented in the manuscript are accurate and reproducible. Any form of unethical behavior, including plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication, is strictly prohibited.
Reviewer Responsibilities
Reviewers are expected to treat all manuscripts as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except if authorized by the editor.
Reviewers should conduct and provide objective, constructive, and timely evaluations. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. Referees should express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published data of which they have personal knowledge.
Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the submission. They should report any suspicion of ethical misconduct, plagiarism, or duplicate publication.
Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts solely on academic merit, without discrimination based on nationality, gender, institutional affiliation, religious beliefs, or political views.
Editor Responsibilities
Editors are responsible for ensuring a fair, unbiased, and timely peer review process. They must evaluate manuscripts based on academic quality, originality, and relevance, ensure confidentiality of submitted manuscripts, avoid conflicts of interest in editorial decisions, take appropriate action in cases of suspected ethical misconduct, including contacting authors’ institutions if necessary, and make final publication decisions based on reviewer recommendations and scientific merit.
Publication Ethics and Integrity
The journal strictly prohibits plagiarism in any form, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate or redundant publication, inappropriate authorship attribution, and unethical research practices.
All allegations of misconduct will be investigated according to COPE guidelines, and appropriate corrective actions will be taken, including rejection, retraction, or correction of published articles.
Conflicts of Interest
All authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any financial or personal conflicts of interest that could influence the review or publication process.
Corrections and Retractions
The journal reserves the right to issue corrections, clarifications, or retractions when necessary to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.
Open Access Policy
The Scientific Bulletin provides open access to all published content without article processing charges (APCs) or subscription fees, ensuring free and unrestricted dissemination of scientific knowledge.
The Scientific Bulletin of “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and academic integrity for all parties involved in the act of publishing. The ethics standards follow internationally recognized ethical guidelines, based on the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors [https://publicationethics.org/guidance].
Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is expected of all parties such as Authors, Editors, Reviewers, and the Publisher.
Author Responsibilities
Authors of original research must present accurate, transparent and sufficiently detailed reports of their work and data to allow replication, while ensuring objectivity in interpretation, as any falsification or knowingly inaccurate information is considered unethical and unacceptable.
The authors should ensure that they have written entirely original works, and if the authors have used the work and/or words of others that this has been appropriately cited or quoted.
An author should ensure that the submitted manuscripts are original and have not been published or submitted elsewhere. Parallel submission of the same manuscript to more than one journal constitutes unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
Proper acknowledgment of all sources and references used must always be given. Authors should also cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported work.
Authorship must be restricted to individuals who have made significant contributions to the study’s conception, design, execution, or interpretation, while all qualified contributors should be listed as co-authors, others acknowledged appropriately, and the corresponding author must ensure correct attribution and obtain approval from all co-authors for the final manuscript and its submission.
Authors must clearly identify and comply with ethical standards for research involving humans or animals, where applicable.
All authors should disclose in their manuscript any financial or other substantive conflict of interest that might be construed to influence the results or their interpretation in the manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.
When an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in his/her own published work, it is the author’s obligation to promptly notify the journal’s editor or publisher and cooperate with them to either retract the paper or to publish an appropriate erratum.
Authors must ensure that all data presented in the manuscript are accurate and reproducible. Any form of unethical behavior, including plagiarism, duplicate submission, or data fabrication, is strictly prohibited.
Reviewer Responsibilities
Reviewers are expected to treat all manuscripts as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except if authorized by the editor.
Reviewers should conduct and provide objective, constructive, and timely evaluations. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. Referees should express their views clearly with appropriate supporting arguments.
Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor’s attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published data of which they have personal knowledge.
Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the submission. They should report any suspicion of ethical misconduct, plagiarism, or duplicate publication.
Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts solely on academic merit, without discrimination based on nationality, gender, institutional affiliation, religious beliefs, or political views.
Editor Responsibilities
Editors are responsible for ensuring a fair, unbiased, and timely peer review process. They must evaluate manuscripts based on academic quality, originality, and relevance, ensure confidentiality of submitted manuscripts, avoid conflicts of interest in editorial decisions, take appropriate action in cases of suspected ethical misconduct, including contacting authors’ institutions if necessary, and make final publication decisions based on reviewer recommendations and scientific merit.
Publication Ethics and Integrity
The journal strictly prohibits plagiarism in any form, data fabrication or falsification, duplicate or redundant publication, inappropriate authorship attribution, and unethical research practices.
All allegations of misconduct will be investigated according to COPE guidelines, and appropriate corrective actions will be taken, including rejection, retraction, or correction of published articles.
Conflicts of Interest
All authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any financial or personal conflicts of interest that could influence the review or publication process.
Corrections and Retractions
The journal reserves the right to issue corrections, clarifications, or retractions when necessary to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.
Open Access Policy
The Scientific Bulletin provides open access to all published content without article processing charges (APCs) or subscription fees, ensuring free and unrestricted dissemination of scientific knowledge.
